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Concept of Biodiversity and its significance

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  Table of Contents Biodiversity Types of Biodiversity Importance of Biodiversity Biodiversity in India Biodiversity Definition “Biodiversity is the variation among living organisms from different sources including terrestrial, marine and desert ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are a part.” What is Biodiversity? Biodiversity describes the richness and variety of life on earth. It is the most complex and important feature of our planet. Without biodiversity, life would not sustain. The term biodiversity was coined in 1985. It is important in natural as well as artificial ecosystems. It deals with nature’s variety, the biosphere. It refers to variabilities among plants, animals and microorganism species. Biodiversity includes the number of different organisms and their relative frequencies in an ecosystem. It also reflects the organization of organisms at different levels. Biodiversity holds ecological and economic significance. It provides us with nourishment, ...
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13)Industrial waste Water Treatment

 13)  Discuss Industrial Wastewater Treatment  Introduction Industrial wastewater contains pollutants such as suspended solids, organic matter, oils, toxic chemicals, acids, alkalis and heavy metals. Treatment is necessary before reuse or discharge. Major Stages 1. Preliminary Treatment Screening Removes large floating materials such as: Plastics Wood Rags Large solid particles Grit Removal Removes sand, grit and other heavy inorganic particles. 2. Primary Treatment Sedimentation Wastewater is kept in settling tanks so that suspended solids settle as sludge. Oil and Grease Removal Oil separators or skimming systems remove floating oils and grease. 3. Secondary Treatment This stage mainly removes biodegradable organic matter using microorganisms. Activated Sludge Process Wastewater is aerated in the presence of microorganisms. Organic matter is biologically oxidized. Organic matter + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + New biomass Trickling Filters Wastewater passes over a microbial film g...
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Environmental chemistry questions 1-7

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY – EXAM-ORIENTED NOTES Section–A: 5 Marks Questions 1. Write the importance of environment Introduction The environment includes all living and non-living components surrounding organisms, such as air, water, soil, plants, animals and microorganisms. A clean and balanced environment is essential for the survival and development of living organisms. Importance of Environment Provides basic necessities: It supplies air, water, food and shelter required for life. Maintains ecological balance: Interaction between living organisms and their surroundings maintains ecosystem stability. Supports biodiversity: Forests, oceans, wetlands and other ecosystems provide habitats for diverse organisms. Provides natural resources: Environment supplies minerals, fossil fuels, forests, water and other resources. Regulates climate: Forests, oceans and atmosphere help regulate temperature, rainfall and climate. Supports agriculture: Soil, water, sunlight and nutrients are essential f...
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